A microservice is an architectural variant in which an application is broken down into smaller, loosely coupled and independently deployable pieces of code that typically communicate with each other via defined APIs, thus enabling highly scalable solutions.
In the environment of the SAP Business Technology Platform (BTP), a usable web application consists of a collection of microservices, their service instances, bindings and routes; these are created by communicating with the Cloud Foundry (CF) or XSA Controller. This allows applications to be expanded step by step, as individual microservices can be provided and updated independently of each other. Microservices are packaged in a container that runs continuously and is only idle when there is no load; however, the services must remain accessible at all times, even if underlying pods are moved. In addition, the interaction between microservices typically takes place via defined APIs, so that the units remain loosely coupled.
In the context described, microservice-based applications are considered to be highly scalable and form the basis of modern web applications. Interfaces based on a microservice architecture are used for data exchange and interaction; a reference scenario can show how microservices work together in a complete architecture to pass on user information. Backend microservices must fulfil strict security requirements; it is therefore imperative to protect all endpoints, use JWT tokens (JSON Web Token) and implement authorisation checks (scopes). Although the application router controls access, it does not hide the backend microservices, as these remain directly accessible if the application router is bypassed.
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