SBOCOMMON is the central system database in SAP Business One that serves as the technical backbone of the installation and stores system-wide definitions, metadata and information shared by all company databases without itself containing business or transactional data.
SBOCOMMON acts as a mandatory repository for the SAP Business One environment. In particular, it stores system data, version information and the necessary information and packages for upgrades. In contrast to the actual company databases, however, it does not contain any business or transactional data. SBOCOMMON also contains a number of stored procedures that are used to manage metadata and system objects, for example to delete all enum values (DeleteAllEnumsAndClasses) or to insert class definitions (InsertClassDef).
The SLD database, which stores the landscape information, is closely linked to the SBOCOMMON. Consequently, the System Landscape Directory (SLD) automatically creates the required database users for the SBOCOMMON. In addition, administrators can deploy the system database via the SLD control centre by selecting the appropriate system database from the drop-down list in the „Selection of Databases“ window.
In security management, SBOCOMMON remains strictly separated from the company databases. Users of the company databases are therefore not authorised to access SBOCOMMON. After a upgrade to SAP Business One Version 10.0, however, it is necessary to manually delete certain authorisations for SBOCOMMON that have not been automatically revoked. The SLD a new read-only database user in order to comply with security standards. This makes SBOCOMMON an indispensable but deliberately compartmentalised component of the SAP Business One architecture.
Demarcation:
SBOCOMMON clearly differs from the company databases as it does not store any business or transaction data, but only manages system-wide definitions, metadata, version and upgrade information. In addition, the SLD database fulfils a different task: it stores landscape information and security settings, while the SBOCOMMON acts as a central technical repository for system data. While users of the company databases work with operational business data, SBOCOMMON remains a technical-administrative level that is only accessible via defined mechanisms such as the SLD and special database user accounts.
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